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  • What Is a Safe AQI Level Indoors? A Plain Guide for Indian Homes

    A safe indoor AQI is 50 or below, the CPCB “Good” band. Anything up to 100 (“Satisfactory”) is acceptable for most healthy people, but children, older family members and anyone with asthma or heart disease do better when the room stays under 50. Above 100 indoors, it is time to close up, filter the air and cut indoor sources of smoke.

    If you have searched “AQI kitna hona chahiye”, that is the answer in one line: aim for under 50 inside your home, treat 51 to 100 as fine for a short while, and act once it crosses 100.

    The Short Answer

    The AQI (Air Quality Index) turns several pollutants into one number on a 0 to 500 scale. Lower is better. In Indian cities during October and November, the number that drives the AQI is almost always fine particulate matter (PM2.5), so in practice “a safe AQI” means “a low level of fine particles”.

    India’s AQI and its air-quality standards are written for outdoor air. There is no separate household number that you are required to meet, so the sensible approach is to borrow the outdoor bands and the health-based limits, and hold the air in the rooms where you spend most time, especially the bedroom, to the stricter end of them.

    Rule of thumb: under 50 is the goal, under 100 is acceptable, over 100 indoors means you need to act, and over 200 indoors means the room is not protecting you at all.

    The CPCB Bands and What to Do Indoors

    These are the Central Pollution Control Board’s National AQI bands. The right-hand column is practical guidance for the inside of a home, not an official instruction.

    AQIBandWhat to do indoors
    0-50GoodVentilate freely. Open windows for fresh air, especially after cooking.
    51-100SatisfactoryFine for most people. Sensitive family members may notice symptoms; a purifier on low or Auto keeps the bedroom in the Good band.
    101-200ModerateKeep windows mostly closed during the worst hours, ventilate briefly when outdoor air is cleaner, run a purifier in occupied rooms.
    201-300PoorWindows closed, purifier running continuously in the bedroom and living room, avoid incense and frying without the chimney or exhaust on.
    301-400Very PoorTreat the bedroom as a clean room: door shut, purifier sized for the room, gaps under doors reduced. Limit outdoor exercise.
    401-500SevereSame as above, with everyone who is vulnerable kept in the cleanest room. If anyone has breathing difficulty, contact a doctor.

    When outdoor AQI goes past 400 or “500+”, the useful question is no longer what the city reads but what your sealed bedroom reads. A correctly sized purifier in a closed room can pull a room far below the outdoor number; an undersized one in a room with an open door cannot. The GRAP stages explained guide covers what the city restrictions at each level mean.

    AQI Number vs PM2.5 in µg/m³

    This is the most common source of confusion. AQI and PM2.5 are two different scales. PM2.5 is a concentration: micrograms of fine particles in a cubic metre of air (µg/m³). AQI is an index: a 0 to 500 number calculated from that concentration (and from other pollutants), designed so that people can read it at a glance.

    • A monitor that shows “PM2.5: 60” and one that shows “AQI: 100” may be describing similar air. The numbers are not interchangeable.
    • India’s AQI is built so that an index of 100 lines up with the 24-hour national standard for each pollutant. For PM2.5, that standard is 60 µg/m³.
    • Some devices and apps use another country’s AQI formula. The same air can show a different AQI number on two screens, so check which scale your monitor or app uses before comparing.

    When in doubt, look at the raw PM2.5 in µg/m³. It is the figure the health limits below are written in.

    WHO and Indian Limits for PM2.5 and PM10

    PollutantWHO 2021 guidelineIndia NAAQS
    PM2.5, 24-hour15 µg/m³60 µg/m³
    PM2.5, annual5 µg/m³40 µg/m³
    PM10, 24-hourNot used in this guide100 µg/m³
    PM10, annualNot used in this guide60 µg/m³

    The WHO guideline is a health target: the level below which the evidence of harm is weakest. The Indian National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) are the legal outdoor limits. The gap between the two is large, which is why an outdoor reading can be “within the national standard” and still be well above what the WHO recommends.

    Why Indoor and Outdoor AQI Differ

    Many people assume that closing the windows makes indoor air clean. It helps, but fine particles are small enough to travel through gaps around doors, windows, AC ducts and exhaust openings. Without filtration, indoor PM2.5 in a polluted city usually follows the outdoor level, with a lag.

    Indoor air can also be worse than outdoor air for short spells, because a home has its own sources:

    And there is one thing a sealed room gets worse at: carbon dioxide from breathing builds up when windows stay shut. That is not a particle problem and a purifier does not fix it; a short airing when the outdoor air is at its cleanest does.

    A Realistic Indoor Target

    The WHO 24-hour figure of 15 µg/m³ is hard to hold through a north Indian winter, but it is the right direction. A practical ladder:

    1. Minimum: keep indoor PM2.5 below the 24-hour NAAQS of 60 µg/m³ in every room people use. On the Indian AQI that means staying at or under 100.
    2. Better: keep the bedroom in the Good band (AQI 50 or below) through the night, because that is where most hours of breathing happen.
    3. Best you can practically do: get the bedroom as close to the WHO 24-hour guideline of 15 µg/m³ as your room and purifier allow, especially for children, older relatives and anyone with a lung or heart condition.

    Getting there is mostly a matter of sizing. A purifier needs enough Clean Air Delivery Rate (CADR) for the room’s volume, and the door needs to stay shut while it works. The air purifier size calculator gives you the CADR your room needs.

    Boon Airvana shows a live AQI on its display and reads PM1.0, PM2.5 and PM10 every second, so you can see whether your bedroom is actually under 50, not just guess.

    See Boon Airvana →

    How to Know Your Room’s Number

    You cannot see or smell PM2.5 reliably, so a number is the only way to know. Two sources together give you the full picture:

    • Outdoor: the AQI for your city tells you what is pressing on your windows today and whether a short airing makes sense.
    • Indoor: a laser particle monitor or a purifier with a built-in PM sensor tells you what is in the room. Our guide on how to check air quality at home compares monitors, apps and what each can and cannot measure.

    Check the reading at three moments: after cooking, late in the evening when outdoor pollution tends to settle low over cities, and first thing in the morning in the bedroom. If the morning bedroom reading is under 50, your setup is working.

    If someone at home has persistent cough, wheezing or breathlessness during smog season, a low indoor AQI helps but it is not a treatment. See a doctor, and tell them about the air at home.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    What AQI level is safe inside a home?

    An indoor AQI of 50 or below, the CPCB Good band, is the target. Between 51 and 100 is acceptable for most healthy people for short periods. Above 100, close windows during the worst hours, cut indoor smoke sources and run a correctly sized air purifier, especially in the bedroom. Children, older people and anyone with asthma or heart disease benefit most from keeping rooms under 50.

    AQI kitna hona chahiye ghar ke andar?

    Inside the home, AQI should ideally be 50 or less. Up to 100 is acceptable for a short time for healthy adults. If it is above 100 indoors, keep doors and windows shut during peak pollution, avoid incense and smoky cooking without the exhaust on, and run an air purifier sized for the room.

    Is AQI the same as PM2.5?

    No. PM2.5 is a concentration measured in micrograms per cubic metre. AQI is an index from 0 to 500 calculated from that concentration and other pollutants. On India’s AQI, an index of 100 lines up with the 24-hour PM2.5 standard of 60 µg/m³. Different apps may use different AQI formulas, so compare raw PM2.5 when you can.

    Can indoor AQI be worse than outdoor AQI?

    Yes, for short spells. Frying or tadka without an exhaust, agarbatti or dhoop, mosquito coils and sweeping can push indoor particle levels above the outdoor reading. In smog season, fine particles also seep in through gaps, so a closed home without filtration usually follows the outdoor level rather than staying clean.

    What should I do if my room AQI is above 300?

    Shut the door and windows of the room you are using, run an air purifier sized for that room on a high setting or Auto, and avoid any indoor smoke. Keep vulnerable family members in the cleanest room. If anyone has breathlessness, chest tightness or wheezing that does not settle, contact a doctor rather than relying on the purifier.

    What PM2.5 level should I aim for indoors?

    At minimum, keep indoor PM2.5 below 60 µg/m³, the Indian 24-hour standard. A better goal for the bedroom is the Good AQI band. The health-based target is the WHO 24-hour guideline of 15 µg/m³; it is hard to hold all winter, but getting the bedroom close to it is a reasonable aim with a correctly sized purifier and a closed door.

    Want to see your bedroom’s AQI every second instead of guessing? Boon Airvana reads PM1.0, PM2.5 and PM10 and shows a live AQI on its display.

    See Boon Airvana →
  • How Long Should You Run an Air Purifier? 24/7, Overnight, or Only When AQI Is High

    During smog season, run your air purifier whenever someone is in the room, which for a bedroom means all night and for a living room means most of the day. Pollution keeps leaking in, so a purifier switched off for a few hours lets the room drift back towards the outdoor level. The easy way to do this without wasting power is Auto mode, which raises and lowers the fan as the room’s air changes.

    The Short Answer

    SituationHow long to run it
    Outdoor AQI Poor, Very Poor or Severe (common October to January in north India)Continuously in occupied rooms, on Auto. All night in bedrooms.
    Outdoor AQI ModerateAuto mode, mostly in the evening and overnight when pollution tends to build.
    Outdoor AQI Good or SatisfactoryVentilate instead. Run the purifier after cooking, incense or cleaning, or on Auto so it wakes up only when needed.
    Someone with asthma or allergies in the roomLean towards continuous running in their bedroom through the season.

    The reason to keep it running is simple: a purifier does not clean a room once and leave it clean. Fine particles keep arriving through gaps around doors and windows, and from cooking, incense and people moving about. When the purifier stops, the room starts heading back towards the outdoor level.

    How Long It Takes to Clean a Room

    The clean-up time depends on air changes per hour (ACH): how many times the purifier can pass a volume of air equal to the whole room through its filter in an hour. You get it by dividing the purifier’s CADR (in m³/h) by the room’s volume (floor area times ceiling height, in m³).

    • At 3 ACH, a volume equal to the room’s air passes through the filter about three times an hour.
    • At 6 ACH, twice as often, so the room clears roughly twice as fast.
    • A larger room, a higher ceiling, or an open door to the rest of the house all lower the effective ACH.

    One air change does not mean the room is fully clean. Clean air from the purifier mixes with the dirty air already in the room, so each pass removes a share of the particles, not all of them. The level falls quickly at first and then more slowly, which is why a purifier needs a few air changes, not one, to bring a polluted room down, and why it has to keep running to hold it there.

    For example, Boon Airvana delivers a CADR of 380 m³/h. In a typical 12 × 12 ft bedroom that is more than nine air changes an hour. Across about 484 sq ft with a 3 m ceiling, it is about 2.8 air changes an hour. Our air purifier size guide and the room size calculator work this out for your room.

    Rule of thumb: the higher the air changes per hour, the faster the room clears and the more easily it stays clean. A correctly sized purifier on a lower fan speed often does more than an undersized one on maximum.

    Doors and Windows: Closed or Open?

    Close them while the purifier is working, if outdoor air is polluted. An open window on a smoggy day keeps bringing in fresh particles, and an open door turns a bedroom into a bedroom plus the hallway plus the living room, which spreads the purifier’s work over a much larger volume.

    You do not need to seal the room airtight. Normal gaps are fine; the purifier is sized to cope with them. Two caveats:

    • Carbon dioxide builds up in a closed room with people in it. A purifier does not remove CO₂ or add oxygen. Air the room briefly when outdoor AQI is at its lowest point in the day, then close up again and let the purifier recover the room.
    • Never close up a room with a gas heater, angithi, coal or charcoal burning. A purifier does nothing for carbon monoxide. See what air purifiers cannot remove.

    Where you put the purifier matters too: away from walls and curtains, with clear space around the intake. Our guide on where to place an air purifier covers Indian rooms, fans and ACs.

    Boon Airvana’s Auto mode follows the room’s real-time AQI, Sleep mode runs quietly through the night, and Eco mode cycles off and on as the air settles or worsens.

    See Boon Airvana →

    Running It While You Sleep

    Yes, run it overnight. You spend more continuous hours in the bedroom than anywhere else, the door is usually shut, and in many north Indian cities pollution tends to build up in the evening and night. A bedroom purifier that runs from bedtime to morning does more for most people than one that runs in the living room during the day.

    Three tips for nights:

    1. Start it before bedtime, so the room is already clean when you lie down.
    2. Use a sleep mode with a dimmed display and a quiet fan, so nobody is tempted to switch it off.
    3. Keep the door shut. An open door roughly undoes the sizing you did.

    Auto and Eco Modes: the Practical Answer

    Most people do not want to decide every hour whether the purifier should be on. That is what sensor-led modes are for:

    • Auto mode reads the room’s particle level and raises the fan when pollution rises (cooking, incense, a door opened) and lowers it when the air is clean. It runs continuously but only works hard when needed.
    • Eco mode (on Airvana) goes a step further: it cycles the purifier off and on as the AQI settles or rises, to save electricity.
    • Scheduling and timers help where routines are fixed, for example starting the bedroom purifier an hour before bedtime. Airvana’s app also has an Auto-learn mode that learns your routine and starts purifying before you get home.

    Only rely on Auto if the purifier has a real particle sensor. A purifier that guesses, or one with a vague dust sensor, may lower the fan while the fine particles are still high.

    Electricity and Filter Life

    Running a purifier 24/7 does use more electricity than running it for a few hours, but at lower fan speeds most purifiers draw far less than at full speed, which is why Auto and Eco modes matter. The actual cost depends on the model’s power draw, the speed it spends most time at and your tariff; our air purifier running cost guide shows how to work it out.

    The bigger running cost is usually the filter. A filter that cleans more air catches more particles and fills faster, so running a purifier through a Delhi winter uses up a filter faster than running it in a clean month. Three habits help:

    • Wash or vacuum the pre-filter regularly (Airvana’s pre-filter is washable). It catches hair and dust that would otherwise clog the main filter.
    • Change the main filter when the reminder says it is due, not on a fixed calendar. On Airvana the reminder depends on the air it has actually cleaned.
    • Do not switch the purifier off to “save the filter” on smoggy days. The filter is there to be used; an unused filter in a polluted room protects nobody.

    See air purifier maintenance and filter care for the full routine.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    Should I run my air purifier 24/7?

    In smog season, running it continuously in occupied rooms makes sense, because outdoor particles keep leaking in and the room drifts back to the outdoor level once the purifier stops. Use Auto mode so the fan only works hard when pollution rises. When outdoor AQI is Good or Satisfactory, ventilating the home is often enough.

    How long does an air purifier take to clean a room?

    It depends on air changes per hour: the purifier’s CADR divided by the room’s volume. At 3 air changes an hour, a volume equal to the room’s air passes through the filter about three times an hour; at 6, twice as often. Each pass removes a share of the particles, so a few air changes are needed to bring a polluted room down.

    Should doors and windows be closed when using an air purifier?

    Yes, when outdoor air is polluted. An open window brings in fresh particles and an open door spreads the purifier over a larger space. You do not need to seal the room airtight. Air the room briefly when outdoor AQI is lowest to clear carbon dioxide, and never close up a room with a gas heater, angithi or charcoal burning.

    Is it safe to run an air purifier all night while sleeping?

    Yes, a HEPA air purifier is designed to run for long periods, and the bedroom at night is where it does the most good. Start it before bedtime, keep the door shut and use a sleep mode so the noise and display do not disturb you. Avoid purifiers that produce ozone, especially in bedrooms.

    How much electricity does an air purifier use if run 24 hours?

    It depends on the model’s power draw at each fan speed, how long it spends at each speed, and your electricity tariff. Purifiers draw much less on low speeds than at full speed, so Auto and Eco modes keep 24-hour running costs down. Check the model’s rated power and use our running cost guide to work out your monthly figure.

    Does running an air purifier all the time wear out the filter faster?

    Yes, a filter that cleans more air catches more particles and fills sooner, especially in a smoggy winter. That is the filter doing its job. Wash the pre-filter regularly to protect the main filter, and replace the main filter when the purifier’s reminder says it is due rather than on a fixed calendar.

    Set it once and let the room decide. Boon Airvana’s Auto mode follows the live AQI, and Eco mode cycles off and on to save electricity when the air is clean.

    See Boon Airvana →